This paper surveys and examines how computer-aided techniques can be deployed in detecting pneumonia. It also suggests a hybrid model that can effectively detect pneumonia while using the real-time medical image data in a privacy-preserving manner. This paper will explore how various preprocessing techniques such as X-rays can detect and classify multiple diseases. The survey also examines how different machine learning technologies like convolution neural network (CNN), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), RESNET, CheXNet, DECNET and artificial neural network (ANN) can be used in detecting pneumonia disease. In this article, we have performed a comprehensive review of the literature to find how we can combine hospitals and medical institutions to train the machine learning models from their datasets so that the ML algorithms can detect disease more efficiently and correctly. We have proposed the future work of using transfer learning combined with federated knowledge that could help the medical institutions and hospitals form a combined approach of performing medical image detection using real-time datasets. We have also explored the scope, future work and limitations of the proposed solution.

Keywords: Machine learning techniques, Pneumonia detection, CNN, Chest X-ray, Transfer learning, Federated learning, k-Nearest neighbors (KNN), Artificial neural network (ANN), DECnet